The practice ceased in Arabia in the 7th century after the founding of Islam, since the Quran prohibits infanticide. Yet, infanticide is not unacceptable in some wars and infanticide in Europe reached its peak during World War II (1939-45), during the Holocaust and the T4 Program. Christianity forbade infanticide from its earliest times, which led Constantine the Great and Valentinian I to ban infanticide across the Roman Empire in the 4th century. Infanticide became forbidden in Europe and the Near East during the 1st millennium. Infanticide continued to be common in most societies after the historical era began, including ancient Greece, ancient Rome, the Phoenicians, ancient China, ancient Japan, Aboriginal Australia, Native Americans, and Native Alaskans. Most Stone Age human societies routinely practiced infanticide, and estimates of children killed by infanticide in the Mesolithic and Neolithic eras vary from 15 to 50 percent. Infanticide is now widely illegal, but in some places the practice is tolerated or the prohibition is not strictly enforced. Unwanted infants were normally abandoned to die of exposure, but in some societies they were deliberately killed. Infanticide was a widespread practice throughout human history that was mainly used to dispose of unwanted children, : 61 its main purpose is the prevention of resources being spent on weak or disabled offspring. Infanticide (or infant homicide) is the intentional killing of infants or offspring. For the killing of older children by a parent, see Filicide. For practices of killing newborns within 24 hours of a child's birth, see Neonaticide. For infanticide among animals, see Infanticide (zoology). This article is about infanticide in humans.
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